I know some pictures taken with camera of a mobile device could contain the GPS location in the properties which I consider to be personal information

Brand / models of the camera, resolution, time taken, in my opinion, is not considered to be personal information because it's really a very common and public information.

In addition to GPS location, anything personal could be stored in a picture taken with camera on a mobile device?

On your device you should be able to control what info is included or use an EXIF editor of some sort on it or your computer.
What is EXIF Data and How Do You Remove it from Your Photos?

Personally if I take a nice shot of the Eiffel Tower and put it on the web, I don't care if people can tell the GPS coordinates or my shooting location (then can likely deduce it very accurately from the picture itself). But I may prefer to not have the EXIF information boast about how expensive my gear is (camera, lens, etc...)(*), and for a smartphone, what type of smartphone I use.

(*) Although... it would be fun to change the EXIF to identify my camera as a top-of-range Nikon and see if some people's appreciation of my pictures change.

My camera's so old that it doesn't have GPS and I don't have a smart phone, so, other than date and camera identification info, I doubt the EXIF will do anyone any good to figure who took the image unless I tell them that I did and tell them where I did so.